• large-scale architectural style, emulating Classical Roman styles
• sturdy and solid; thick walls, smaller windows, columns

• Moissac Abbey, France, 1060

• architectural style originating in France
• larger and taller buildings, flying buttresses, ribbed vaults, pointed arches
• more windows and light, rose windows, stained glass

• Abbey of Saint-Denis, ca 1135 – 44
• Chartres Cathedral, 1194 - 1220

• Naturalism, precision of human anatomy, contrapposto, chiaroscuro, linear perspective
• inspiration from the Classical era

• Cimabué, c. 1240 – 1302, Santa Trinita Maestà, 1280–1285, Dante quote on pride.
• Duccio, c. 1255–1260 – 1318–1319, Maesta, 1308–1311
• Giotto, c. 1267 – 1337, Scrovegni Chapel, ca 1305
• Black Death c. 1346–1353
• Masaccio, 1401 – 1428, "founder" of Renaissance painting, Brancacci Chapel, ca 1427
• Sandro Botticelli, 1445 - 1510, Birth of Venus
• Brunelleschi, Donatello

• Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, Raphael (School of Athens), Titian (Venetian Color Painting)

• Jan van Eyck, 1390 – 1441 (Netherlandish) The Arnolfini Portrait, 1434
• Albrecht Dürer, 1471 – 1528 (German) Young Hare, 1502
• Hans Holbein the Younger, 1497 - 1543 (German) Portrait of Sir Thomas More, 1527
• Pieter Bruegel the Elder, ca 1525/1530 - 1569 (Dutch) The Peasant Wedding, 1566–69
• Hieronymus Bosch (Dutch)

• expressive and exaggerated, elongated limbs

• Jacopo da Pontormo, 1494 – 1557, Visitation of Carmignano, 1528
• El Greco, 1541 – 1614, La Santísima Trinidad (‘The Holy Trinity’), 1577-1579

• drama, tension
• religious and biblical narratives
• chiaroscuro, tenebrism
• naturalism, realism

• Caravaggio, 1571 – 1610, The Calling of Saint Matthew, 1599-1600
• Artemisia Gentileschi, 1593 – 1656, Judith Beheading Holofernes, 1611-1612
• Bernini, 1598 – 1680, Apollo and Daphne, 1622-1625

• Peter Paul Rubens, 1577 – 1640 (Flemish) The Three Graces, ca 1635
• Velázquez, 1599 – 1660 (Spanish) Las Meninas (‘The Maids of Honour’), 1656 - 1657

• ordinary human life and realistic treatments, rural life, still life

• Frans Hals, 1582 – 1666, Jester with a Lute, 1620–1625
• Anthony Van Dyck, 1599 – 1641, Charles I at the Hunt, ca 1635
• Rembrandt, 1606 – 1669, The Night Watch, 1642
• Johannes Vermeer, 1632 – 1675, The Milkmaid, ca 1658

• luxurious, extravagant, and light-hearted
• lighter color palette than Baroque
• curving forms, asymmetrical, nature-inspired motifs

• Jean-Honore Fragonard, 1732 - 1806, The Swing, 1767
• Antoine Watteau, Francois Boucher

• renewed interest in classical antiquity, harmony, simplicity, and proportion
• movement away from the overly decorative style of the Baroque and Rococo, “Noble simplicity”
• didactic subject matter

• Jacques-Louis David, 1748 – 1825, Oath of the Horatii, 1786
• Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres 1780 – 1867, La Grande Odalisque, 1814
• Nicolas Poussin, Anton Raphael Mengs, Benjamin West, Angelica Kauffman

• imaginative elements, focus on passion, emotion, and observing the senses, personal and subjective,
• nationalism, concerns with justice and equality
• the sublime and the natural world

• Henry Fuseli, The Nightmare, 1781
• Francisco Goya, Third of May 1808, 1814
• Eugène Delacroix, The Raft of the Medusa, 1818 – 1819
• Théodore Géricault, Liberty Leading the People, 1830

• reaction to social changes caused by the Industrial Revolution
• began following the French Revolution of 1848

• Honoré Daumier, 1808 – 1879, Third-Class Carriage, 1862
• Jean-François Millet, 1814 – 1875, The Gleaners, 1857
• Gustave Courbet, 1819 – 1877, The Stone Breakers, 1849

• emphasis on abstract qualities or symbolic content
• Pointilism, Primitivism
• Vincent van Gogh, Paul Gauguin, Paul Cézanne, Georges Seurat

• pure, brilliant colour applied aggressively
• Henri Matisse, André Derain

• Die Brücke, Der Blaue Reiter
• use of exaggerations and distortions to depict 20th century experience from a subjective perspective
• Edvard Munch, and James Ensor (predecessors)
• Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, Max Pechstein
• Wassily Kandinsky, Franz Marc